Mathematical modeling of pollutant transport and diffusion in the near-surface atmospheric layer with consideration of terrain characteristics
Keywords:
mathematical model, finite-difference method, pollutant transport and diffusion, terrain characteristics, atmospheric dynamic viscosityAbstract
This paper presents a mathematical model and a numerical algorithm designed for monitoring and forecasting the ecological conditions of the near-surface atmospheric layer. The model accounts for weather and climate factors, incorporating the velocities of air mass movement and particle deposition in the atmospheric boundary layer, as well as their influence on pollutant concentrations due to decomposition and photochemical transformations. Additionally, it includes the reduction of pollutant concentrations through rainout and washout processes, which depend on precipitation intensity. Other perturbation factors affecting aerosol particle transport and diffusion are also considered. The particle deposition velocity is calculated based on particle diameter, density, gravitational acceleration, and the dynamic viscosity of the atmosphere. The process of pollutant transport and diffusion in the near-surface layer is divided into two subproblems. To determine pollutant concentrations, fluid mechanics equations are solved with appropriate boundary conditions. To incorporate terrain orography, the flow of an ideal incompressible fluid is considered, where the velocity field is determined by solving the velocity potential equation and taking into account the deformation of the flow as it interacts with the underlying terrain.
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